28 January 2026

Balancing Services Use of System (BSUoS) charges

What are Balancing Services Use of System (BSUoS) charges?

Balancing Services Use of System (BSUoS) charges recover the cost of keeping the electricity system in balance in real time. Electricity must be generated and consumed at the same moment, and BSUoS funds the actions National Grid Electricity System Operator (NESO) takes to achieve this. These actions include:


  • Instructing generators to increase or decrease output
  • Paying for reserve and response services
  • Managing system constraints and frequency control


BSUoS is therefore not about building networks (like TNUoS or DUoS), but about operating the system safely and securely second-by-second.


Who pays BSUoS charges?

Since April 2023, BSUoS costs have been recovered entirely from electricity demand rather than split between generators and suppliers.

In practice:


  • Suppliers pay BSUoS charges to the system operator
  • These costs are then passed through to all electricity consumers, including business customers
  • Most businesses see BSUoS as a pass-through charge in their supply contracts


Domestic customers also contribute, although the charge is typically embedded rather than itemised.


How do BSUoS charges work in practice?

BSUoS is charged on a per kWh basis, based on actual electricity consumption during each settlement period.

The BSUoS rate reflects the real-time cost of balancing the system, which can vary significantly depending on:


  • Weather conditions
  • Generator availability
  • Network constraints
  • Levels of intermittent renewable generation


Unlike DUoS or TNUoS, BSUoS is not location-specific. The same rate applies across Great Britain for each settlement period.


How much is BSUoS (and when are charges set)?

BSUoS charges are not fixed in advance. Instead, they are calculated using a forecast-and-reconciliation model. This means the amount originally charged can be reconciled after the fact once actual consumption data is available.

In p/kWh terms, BSUoS charges have varied widely in recent years, but for business customers they have typically fallen in the range of 0.6–1.6 p/kWh, with occasional spikes during periods of market volatility.

Because of this variability, BSUoS can be a driver of bill uncertainty for large and flexible users.


Why BSUoS matters for businesses

As the electricity system becomes more reliant on intermittent renewables, balancing actions are expected to increase. This means BSUoS is likely to remain a material and structurally important cost.

For sites with half-hourly metering, reducing consumption during system stress periods -- or using on-site generation and storage -- can help limit exposure, although BSUoS is generally less controllable than DUoS or TNUoS.


If you would like to ensure that your BSUoS charges are being invoiced correctly. Contact us today and we can review your recent invoices to make sure you aren't paying more than necessary.

by Craig Watson 27 March 2026
With consumer spending declining and OFGEM raising their price cap, you would be forgiven for seeing February as a month where negative news was at the forefront, but in the energy markets, this was not the case.
by Craig Watson 27 March 2026
In a year that began with falling energy prices, there were recurring catalysts that led to prices climbing steadily higher. Geopolitical uncertainty and the perennial threat of escalating conflicts meant fear would maintain a constant presence in the wholesale markets. We will look back at the key energy stories from 2024, and how the energy markets are likely to shape up in 2025. Quarter 1  The year began with cautious optimism as the UK’s gas reserve levels were healthy and prices for the Summer’24 season were in freefall. In February, prices pulled back to their lowest levels since 2021, and for the first time in a while, we identified that there was greater potential for upside risk than for further downward price movement: “ there now (exists) an asymmetrical element of risk should the market encounter a supply-side problem of significance. ” During February we had advised customers on flexible contracts that this was an ideal time for making purchases. March would see prices begin to ascend again as international conflict would create problems with LNG imports, and we would highlight the geopolitical risks as an area for concern moving forwards: “ fears remain and there are potential negative catalysts that could lead to prices rising further, with the main factors to watch out for being based on geopolitical unrest. “ For a business that purchases their energy in advance, this quarter was the optimal time for purchasing during 2024. In February, electricity prices for Winter’25 were down to 7.75p/Kwh, and as low as 6.05p/Kwh for Summer’25. Winter’25 ended the year with prices above 11.1p/Kwh, with Summer’25 prices exceeding 9p/Kwh. For a company that uses 500,000Kwh of electricity per month, the difference between buying at the February low point compared to today’s prices would represent a yearly saving of over £200,000.
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